By: Sukhanberdiyeva Sitora Sanjar
Abstract. Critical thinking is gaining importance as one of the current skills. This skill plays an important role in the development of society and the individual. Critical thinking is the process of analyzing, evaluating, and drawing reasonable conclusions from information. Unlike conventional thinking, critical thinking encourages you to look at reality from all sides, not from one side. This article analyzes the essence of critical thinking, its difference from conventional thinking and its practical importance using the example of the story “Thank You, Madam” by Langston Hughes.
Key words: critical fiction, idea and content, subjective assessment, alternative views, moral imperative[1].
The essence of critical thinking. Critical thinking is just knowledge not to accept, but to carefully analyze them. It is the following main includes stages[2]:
- Identify the problem. Ask specific questions about information and issues.
- Data collection and analysis. Evidence and evidence-based assessment.
- Consider alternative views. By analyzing different perspectives
arrive at the most optimal conclusion.
- Drawing conclusions. Focused on problem solving through critical thinking
informed decision making.
A valid question is what is the difference between critical thinking and conventional thinking is embodied before our eyes. What are the differences between the two? there is? Habitual thinking is based on a person’s preconceived views. In this type of thinking, the person often has stereotypes, traditional views and the past based on experiences. For example, only previous experiences of an event thinking based on it is a form of habitual thinking. And critical thinking is a person invites to look at the news with an open, critical eye. This is the type of thinking person considers evidence based on facts, rejects stereotypes and makes an independent conclusion.
Critical analysis of the work is a deep analysis of the work, its essence, is the process of evaluating content, structure and artistic features. This is the process includes the following steps[3]:
- Getting general information about the work.
Determining the name, author, time of creation and genre of the work.
Understanding the period of creation of the work and cultural-historical conditions.
- Analysis of the topic and idea[4].
What is the main theme covered in the play?
What is the author’s ideological goal?
How important topics for the society were raised?
- Composition analysis.
The structure of the work: the beginning, development, completion part.
What is the order of events?
How is the conflict (opposition) and its solution described?
- Image analysis.
Main and secondary characters in the play.
Their character, growth and development.
The author’s way of expressing his thoughts through images.
- Learning artistic tools.
What is the author’s language and style?
To what extent are visual arts tools (epithet, metaphor, simile) used?
How vivid and impressive are the images?
- Assessment of the social significance of the work.
What problems does the work raise and their relevance.
Impact on society or a certain period.
- Subjective assessment.
Expressing Your Opinion as a Critic: The Strengths and Weaknesses of a Work.
Whether or not it has a long-term effect.
In the critical analysis, not only positive, but also negative aspects of the work in a fair way showing is important. At the same time, critical opinions should be based on facts subjective approach should not misinterpret the essence of the work. Artistic analysis of the work requires in-depth work with the text. Symbolism in the text determining the meaning of images and details, line-by-line analysis of the text of the work required. Clear and consistent answers to questions that arise in the process of working with the text finding the answer helps to understand the content of the work of art. A work of art analysis is also related to the process, that is, choosing a suitable work for the audience, it should be analyzed from all aspects. Some works are integrated with other disciplines is analyzed without[5]. Some of them are connected with the biography of the author. So how do you go about analyzing a work of art? Initially, by analyzing the ideas presented in the context and actually coming implicitly let’s go The questions that arose during the reading of the work are clear and based on the text of the workwe will give answers as soon as they come out. Including Langston Hughes “Thank you looking at the questions that can be asked about the story “to you, lady”. We will come out, until then, of the tools that evoke the first ideas about the work opinions about its importance are put forward.
First, to the preliminary opinion about the work in the period before the analysis of the work various video and audio materials can be used to have. This first of all, it gives the reader an initial impression of the work.
Second, the imagination of space and time presented in the story arousal creates great interest and passion for the story[6]. The story is a hundred The location of the New York City map is attached.
The events of the story take place in Harlem – New York City in the middle of the 20th century (USA) takes place in the part where the black population lives mainly[7]. So, an image of space appeared in the reader’s mind. To the process of analysis of a work of art has the necessary information to enter. Here is such information then you can start working with the story text. The following is based on the text questions arise and they are:
“A woman from Tola is big enough to fit everything along the corridor He was leaving with his bag. Really, what’s not in the bag he did not exist, of course, except for the human soul”.
- What did you think about the woman?
- How do you feel about a bag with nothing inside?
“Then we did not meet in vain. “Today is the day to wash,” said the woman and did not let go of the frightened boy, but began to take him with him”.
- Why did the woman take the child home?
- Why is the child depicted so dirty?
“…the woman turned on the light and left the door open.”
- Why did the woman leave the door open, and what was her purpose?
- Why didn’t Roger run away?
“While we were eating together, I think you were hungry too. After all, is it possible to “try” so much and not be hungry?”
- What do you think is the reason for the woman’s warm attitude towards Roger?
“When I was young, I wanted to have things that I couldn’t afford
I wanted”.
- When do you want to have something that you cannot afford do you think?
- What was the meaning of the woman leaving her bag next to the child?
- Why did the lady always refer to Roger as “son”?
“Don’t let the dream of shoes lead your feet down the wrong path.” This is the word what do you think about? At the end of the story, the boy wanted to say something nice to the woman”.
What do you think is the reason for this?
- Why is the story so named?
- What are the experiences of a person who reads the work?
- Are there any children like Roger around today?
- What do you think about Roger’s future?
- Are there people like Ms. Luella in real life?
- What do you think is the main idea of the work?
The work of art is a wonderful pleasure for the reader both at the beginning and at the end gives The story “Thank you, ma’am” also attracts the reader’s attention right from the name It is considered an interesting story, it contains life lessons, spiritual experiences and human the virtues are beautifully depicted. The writer has them all behind the door selected from the boiling life. Wrap them up in a beautiful being, dear reader presented. The story is very good for the psychology of teenage readers affects. They have an idea about the simple and complex laws of life wakes up. Even today, the presence and community life of children like Roger to realize how painful it is for such cases teaches to find solutions from the beginning. The story is literally in every reader’s mind seals his vulgar impressions.
“Hughes created a spatial entity in his unique way. This work is also his like other works, it talks about human feelings. Hughes’ work, his art is a moral imperative for people, for their lives. This the continued analysis of the story is very important, and in the final analysis it belongs to all of us teaches a great lesson” .
Sukhanberdiyeva Sitora Sanjar is a Tashkent state Uzbek language and literature University 1st stage graduate student missbsivd@gmail.com.
LIST OF REFERENCES:
- C. James Tortman. Langston Hughes: The Man, the Myth and the Writer. 1995.
- F. Kuchkarova. Didactic concept of critical thinking and its development
conditions. 2024.
- D. Z. Tursunova. Technology of formation of critical thinking. 2023.
- Jonathan Chan. What is critical thinking? 2024.
- D. Kuronov. Basics of literary theory. Tashkent, 2018.
- Turkish Literature of XIV-XV centuries. Anatolia University. January 2019. p. 19.
- Mirzayeva Z.I., Djalilov K.Q. Literature. Textbook for 6th grade – Tashkent:
Republican Education Center, 2022. p. 224.
[1] C. James Tortman. Langston Hughes: The Man, the Myth and the Writer. 1995.
[2] F. Kuchkarova. Didactic concept of critical thinking and its development conditions. 2024.
[3] D. Z. Tursunova. Technology of formation of critical thinking. 2023.
[4] Jonathan Chan. What is critical thinking? 2024.
[5] D. Kuronov. Basics of literary theory. Tashkent, 2018.
[6] Turkish Literature of XIV-XV centuries. Anatolia University. January 2019. p. 19.
[7] Mirzayeva Z.I., Djalilov K.Q. Literature. Textbook for 6th grade – Tashkent:
Republican Education Center, 2022. p. 224
Similar Posts by The Mt Kenya Times:
- Kindiki: Common African standards are the key to Africa’s $3.4 trillion market
- Nkabune residents renew protests over alleged poor management at technical institute
- The generation of fatherless children: How a group of men are manufacturing single mothers
- Adama Traoré set to join Deportivo de La Coruña as deal nears completion
- Premier League season stalls as court battle drags on
About the Author
