By: Saidova Mahzuna Farhod qizi
Abstract. This article discusses interrogative sentences and rhetorical interrogatives, which are considered to be one of its types. Rhetorical interrogatives in the poems of poets and poets who lived and created in the 20th century: Zulfiya, Amon Matjon, Abdulla Oripov were analyzed. Key words: interrogative sentences, rhetorical interrogative sentences, poetry, emotion, rhetorical anxiety, excitement, style.
There are three types of interrogative sentences according to their relationship to the expected answer: 1) pure interrogative sentences require an answer: Where are you going today? 2) a rhetorical interrogative sentence does not require an answer and is essentially a figurative interrogative sentence: Is a person who does not love his mother a person? 3) interrogative – the command sentence expresses the meaning of ordering by way of question: Won’t you come soon? Rhetorical interrogative sentences express the speaker’s attitude and feelings towards reality. Rhetorical interrogative sentences express the meanings of proof and confirmation. The content of a sentence expressed by an interrogative sentence is much stronger than the content of a message expressed by a sentence. Rhetorical interrogative sentences are in the form of questions and do not require an answer. In artistic language, sometimes in a public speech, the speaker expresses his feelings with excitement. Rhetorical interrogative sentences serve to make the sentence more effective and are a type of artistic style. For example: Can all of Akhmatjon’s hard work go to waste?! I don’t know if I could manage without these creative people? Did he not come into the world and live with a better intention!?[2] Some rhetorical questions may be followed by answers. For example: Where is that dreamy young man? Why did you stand there with tears in your eyes lol. Why is your black dress white in your hair, Why are you in this situation? (Zulfia. Spring came to ask you). Although the sentences in such verses are not answers to rhetorical interrogative sentences, they mean that they are their final part. In poetic works, lyric writers use rhetorical interrogative sentences to convey their feelings and goals to listeners and readers.
Why doesn’t he fall in love with apricot blossoms? Wavy curly hair? Why the joyous nashida that I brought Peshvoz won’t come out, why write it down? (Zulfia) Pronoun why in rhetorical interrogative sentences can provide evidence and confirmation information in interrogative-negative sentences. The following meanings can be expressed in rhetorical interrogative sentences:
| SARCASM |
| PROTEST |
| REBUKE |
| PITY |
| EMPHASIS |
Dissatisfaction: Come on, what’s your goal? Why are you touching my heart? Why did you need my tears? Why is it necessary, master, you are so sad! (Abdulla Oripov). It seems to the poet that the melody is someone’s cry and sadness. Melody always causes human heart, pain and emotions to surface.
Pity: In fact, the soil is fair nature Its distribution is equal to the surface of the earth. Why is this dirt, Furqat cried, Oh, poor soil, are you poor? (Abdulla Oripov). Through these lines, the writer feels sorry, surprised, and worried, saying, “Are you poor in the poor land?” Rhetorical interrogative sentences of this type are the main source for making poems more attractive.
There are 8 more types of rhetorical questions:
| Rhetoric is affirmation |
Rhetoric is denial |
Rhetoric-suspicion |
Rhetorical strong sense of excitement |
|
Rhetorical surprise |
A rhetorical concern |
Rhetorical rage |
Rhetorical wonder |
Who said that the road has been traveled a long way What came and went, what was expected was what was expected, I’m glad he met me again Love revives the survivors! (Amon Matjon). In Amon Matjon’s poem “Thank you to the Creator, you have come again”, the poet used the features of rhetorical suspicion and rhetorical strong emotion-excitement of rhetorical interrogative sentences. Or if we pay attention to the lines in the following poetic passage that summarize the meanings of rhetorical affirmation and rhetorical concern: How many flying stars passed by, distracting the people, How many generations have wasted their ways and hopes, This day, by the criterion of time, No matter what I do, mercy is hidden under me, What I do now is not the same as before. The poet is now worried and saddened by the fact that the wheel, the circle, the number, and the value of a person are not the same as before. In the poems of poets such as Zulfia, Abdulla Oripov, and Amon Matjon mentioned above, their joys, sorrows, and inner experiences are clearly visible. They use the wide possibilities of our native language in order to further enrich their creative products. In conclusion, it should be said that the use of rhetorical interrogative sentences in works written both in the direction of verse and in the direction of prose serves to increase its stylistic color. Rhetorical interrogative sentences are not used in all styles. They are mainly used in journalistic, artistic and conversational styles.
The daughter of Saidova Mahzuna Farhod was born on July 24, 2004 in Kitab District, Kashkadarya Region. Currently, Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute is studying at the 2nd stage of Uzbek language and literature at the Faculty of Languages.
The article “Devonu lug’at at – the study of some old Turkish terms in the Turkish work” was published in the international scientific journal “Modern Science and Research”. In addition, the article “The influence of Arabic on the development of the Uzbek language” took place at the scientific-practical conference on the topic “Actual issues of teaching the Uzbek language as a mother tongue and as a foreign language” organized at the Shahrisabz Pedagogical Institute. Participant of the international scientific and creative almanac “NEW RENAISSANCE YOUTH” and “Creative Flight” collections. He is also the owner of various international certificates.
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