By: Absalamova Irodakhon
Abstract : The article is devoted to reforms in the preschool education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the legal framework of preschool education: problems and solutions.
Keywords : preschool education, system, reform, legislative framework.
ENTRANCE
According to experts, a person acquires 70% of all the information and knowledge they will acquire throughout their entire life by the time they reach the age of five.
In this regard, special attention is paid to the development of the preschool education system in our republic. How our children study at school and achieve high goals largely depends on the educational process in preschool institutions. Preschool education in Uzbekistan ensures the intellectual, personal and physical development of a preschool child aged 3 to 7 years. Preschool education is aimed at ensuring the mental, physical and personal development of a child aged 3 to 7 years.
A child-rearing institution can be a public or private kindergarten, a preschool center, an early development center, etc. The task of preschool education is to convey to the child the basic principles of culture and the rules of behavior in society, as well as intellectual and aesthetic education.
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
Modern preschool educational institutions are characterized by multifunctionality, diversity, freedom in choosing the priority areas of the educational process and multi-programming in implementing content. All this reduces the level of variability, independent activity of preschool educational institutions, the degree of adaptation to territorial conditions. In accordance with the Model Regulation, the system of preschool educational institutions includes the following types:
- kindergarten related to the priority implementation of one or more areas of children’s development (intellectual, artistic, aesthetic, physical, etc.).
- a compensatory type kindergarten that prioritizes the professional correction of deviations in the physical and mental development of its pupils;
- Priority implementation of sanitary, hygienic and health-improving measures and procedures for monitoring and improving the health of the kindergarten;
- A combined-type kindergarten (may include general development, compensatory and health-improving groups in various combinations);
- Child Development Center – a kindergarten that provides physical and mental development, correction, and health improvement for all children.
Thus, a preschool educational institution as a type of educational system includes various types with their own characteristics (usually associated with the model of the educational process, the basis of which is the educational program). However, all types of preschool educational institutions that carry out the tasks of raising and educating children are based on the principles of secular education.
Preschool educational organization (PSE) is the first social institution that teaches children to live in society. It is in kindergarten that the child’s first independent contacts with people around him occur, where he learns to communicate. Communication with peers allows the child to quickly master new skills and gain new knowledge, since the influence of imitation at an early age is very strong. Successful adaptation in kindergarten or preschool center is facilitated by teachers whose goal is to help the child in any difficult situation.
Preschool education plays an important role in the formation of a well-rounded personality, because the knowledge and values instilled in preschool age determine his entire future life.
Based on this, a number of regulatory and legal documents have been adopted and comprehensive measures have been implemented aimed at the development and effective operation of preschool education in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Research has shown that the existing preschool education management system does not allow for the timely identification and elimination of existing problems, as well as the development and implementation of innovative solutions for the further development of this sector.
The current state of the infrastructure and material and technical base of preschool educational institutions does not allow for the full coverage of children in preschool educational institutions.
The low level of financial incentives for preschool educational institutions staff does not provide them with qualified personnel capable of solving the problems of improving the professional skills and upbringing of children. There are serious shortcomings in providing children with food, material and medical assistance in preschool educational institutions.
In this regard, the resolution of the head of our state “On measures to radically improve the preschool education system” critically assessed the activities of the Ministry of Public Education.
It has been proven that the activities of the Ministries of Health, the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations, and local authorities in the field of preschool education are insufficient.
We would like to remind you that on the basis of this Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev, the Ministry of Preschool Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which has no equal in the world, was established. The resolution provides for the implementation of the following comprehensive measures:
implementation of a unified state policy aimed at developing the preschool education system, comprehensively developing preschool education, increasing intellectual potential, and enriching the spiritual and moral world;
Develop proposals for improving legislative acts aimed at implementing the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Education” in the field of preschool education and monitor their compliance;
Coordination and methodological guidance of the activities of preschool educational institutions in accordance with state requirements for preschool education; introduction of modern advanced forms of education, new pedagogical and information technologies, effective methods of teaching and upbringing into the educational process; education of children in preschool educational institutions in the spirit of respect for national and universal values, humanism, instilling in their minds and hearts the ideas of independence and awareness of national identity;
CONCLUSION
The implementation of the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures to radically improve the preschool education system” will allow us to raise preschool education in our country to a qualitatively new level, radically improve the infrastructure and material and technical equipment of preschool educational institutions.
Absalamova Irodakhon is an Educator of the 11th MTT of the Akhaltsikhe district
REFERENCES :
- Mirziyoyev Sh.M. Critical analysis, strict discipline and personal responsibility should be the daily rule of every leader. Speech at the meeting of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dedicated to the results of 2016 and prospects for 2017 // Xalq soʻzi. July 16, 2017, issue 11.
- Mirziyoyev Sh.M. We will build our great future together with our brave and noble people. – T.: Uzbekistan, 2017.
- Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-5198 “On measures to improve the management of the preschool education system” dated September 30, 2017. Lex.uz
- Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 464-I “On Education” dated August 29, 1997.
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