By Grace Waithaka
Obesity (overweight) is a complex medical condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat that can pose a significant risk to health”.It is not merely a cosmetic concern but a chronic disease that increases the risk of numerous health problems, including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, and bone and joint issues.”A common way to diagnose and classify obesity is using the Body Mass Index (BMI), a measure calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kilograms by the square of their height,For adults, the Overweight a BMI of 25 or greater. Obesity: a BMI of 30 or greater. Nelly Njeri who is a health coach outline the causes of Obesity as a complex, multifactorial disease with no single cause”. While the fundamental principle is an imbalance between calorie intake and energy expenditure, a range of factors contribute to this imbalance,Consuming more calories than the body burns is a primary cause,this is often linked to diets high in processed foods, sugary drinks, and saturated fats, coupled with a lack of physical activity. Genetic factors can influence how the body stores fat, how it responds to diet changes, and how a person feels full or hungry. While genes can increase a person’s susceptibility to weight gain, environmental and lifestyle factors are also necessary for obesity to develop.The modern environment is often described as “obesogenic” because it promotes obesity. This includes factors such as: The widespread availability of high-calorie, low-nutrient foods. Large portion sizes in restaurants and pre-packaged meals. Lack of safe and convenient spaces for physical activity. Excessive screen time promotes a sedentary lifestyle. Medical Conditions and Medications: Some medical conditions, such as Cushing’s syndrome or an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), can cause weight gain. Psychological and Social Factors such as Stress, poor sleep, and certain psychological conditions can affect hormones that regulate appetite and lead to increased food cravings or “reward hunger,” where a person eats to cope with emotions rather than physical hunger”.Nelly said. Age and Other Life Stages: Hormonal changes and a decrease in muscle mass with age can increase the risk of obesity. Other life events like pregnancy or quitting smoking can also lead to weight gain.To Prevent obesity it involves a combination of individual actions and broader societal efforts to create a supportive environment for healthy living.”Adopt a Healthy Eating Pattern,Focus on a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Limit the intake of highly processed foods, sugary drinks, and foods high in saturated fat,Practice portion control and be mindful of what and how much you’re eating. Cook at home more often, as restaurant and takeout meals tend to have larger portions and more calories. Increase Physical Activity: Aim for the recommended amount of physical activity. For adults, this is generally at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week, plus muscle-strengthening activities on two or more days. Reduce sedentary time and limit screen time. Incorporate physical activity into your daily routine, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator or walking or biking for short trips. Prioritize Sleep and Stress Management: Get enough quality sleep, as poor sleep can disrupt appetite-regulating hormones. Find healthy ways to manage stress, such as meditation, exercise, or spending time outdoors, to reduce emotional eating. Monitor Your Health: Regularly check your weight and BMI.
