Bukhara State Medical Institute
By: Makhamadov Abduhoshim
School is the place of intellect and perception.
The school is a mine of knowledge and skills.
School Example Adventure Island,
My school is my soul school.
A school is an educational institution where the young generation is informed and educational activities are carried out under the guidance of a teacher, according to the scientific literature. In fact, the school played a key role in organizing and conducting the educational process. For example, in our beloved Uzbekistan, schools are generally recognized as state property, and education is free. It should be noted that the Republic of Uzbekistan is one of the few countries in the world with a free secondary education system. At the same time, studies in higher educational institutions are carried out partially at the expense of parents’ funds on the basis of a contract.
The school can be conditionally divided into the following types:
- according to the nature of the imparted knowledge – general and professional;
- according to the level of knowledge – elementary (or lower), middle, higher;
- depending on who is in charge – state, municipal (community) and private;
- according to the gender of students – mixed (for students of both sexes), women’s and men’s school;
- in relation to religion – secular and religious (denominational); depending on the time of the children’s stay in the school – the school where they attend and the school where they stay overnight (boarding, boarding school, etc.).
It is not a secret to all of us that the first schools appeared in ancient Eastern countries (China, Babylon, Egypt and other regions). In these countries there were schools of priests and scribes. Education is naturally organized in this way. In Europe, the first schools appeared for the first time around the 6th century BC in Greece and in the 4th century BC in Ancient Rome.
In Central Asia, which is our region, a school that provides primary education is called a school. In Central Asia, the types of schools are also madrasahs and convents. Among the Muslim countries, madrasa is considered a secondary and higher type of school in our country, while religious education is mainly taught in religious schools.
In Central Asia, which was colonized as a result of the invasion of Turkestan by the Czar Empire in the 19th century, the Russian population was better provided with schools than the local population. Since 1876, gymnasiums, real schools, teachers’ seminaries and other types of schools have been opened in our country. In some Russian schools, local children also studied.
From the end of the 19th century, Russian-style schools were established for children of local nationality. Although these schools mainly served the colonial policy of Tsarism, they played an important role in the spread of advanced learning methods in the country.
During the Soviet regime, the non-democratic and harmful environment for education caused by the educational process in schools and various deficiencies in the teaching methodology led to the fact that students did not develop independent thinking.
Thanks to the glory of independence, the education system began to be reformed step by step. As an example, the law on education can be proof of our word.
The first law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Education” was adopted in 1997 together with the “National Program of Personnel Training”. According to it, education is conducted in the students’ native languages. In all schools, a continuous transition from lower to higher levels of education was provided for pupils and students. The wave of large-scale reforms carried out in our country in recent years has shown the need to pay special attention to the education system. In this regard, the new draft law “On Education” was adopted by the Legislative Chamber on May 19, 2020 and approved by the Senate on August 7, 2020. With this, he set a number of important and urgent tasks, such as fundamentally reforming the education system in our country, meeting and eliminating their material needs, and creating better conditions for students in all aspects.
It is not an exaggeration to say that this is a bright example of the special attention and care of our country’s president Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev to the education system. Because people who do not pay attention and care to the education system will one day spend it on building prisons – said Otto von Bismarck. In short, the education system is the lifeblood, the main support and support of any society and nation. As much attention and care is given to this support, it will definitely give the expected result.
Makhamadov Abduhoshim, a student of the Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute.
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