By: Muminov Rahmatillo
Worth Noting:
- In particular, the newly created varieties of tomatoes such as “Gulkand”, “G’1 Sayhun”, “G’1 Bahar”, “Turon”, “AVE-Maria”, “Subhidam”, “Cherry Marvarid” and “Umid” are widely used in production. Planting and caring for tomatoes in greenhouses in the autumn-winter season. In the autumn-winter season, it is necessary to prepare seedlings for greenhouses in nurseries.
- In this season, seeds are sown in late June-early July, and seedlings are planted in a permanent place in early August. First, lime or clay is sprinkled on the greenhouse cover, the pots are filled with a nutrient mixture and watered well, the seeds are 0.5-1 planted to a depth of cm.
Protected area vegetable farming is important in providing the population with vegetable products in the late autumn, winter and early spring months of the year. In recent years, there have been significant changes in the vegetable cultivation of protected areas.
The types of greenhouses have been improved, new varieties and hybrids have been created for protected areas, new and advanced methods of care have been developed, which ensure a decrease in the cost of production. The area of ​​greenhouses has increased.
For the harvest of 2022-2023, 5,359 hectares of greenhouses are planted with various crops, of which 4,897 hectares are vegetables (60% of which are tomatoes), 30 hectares are vegetables, and 432 hectares are other crops. In 2020, greenhouse products grown in the republic were 223,000 tons, and in 2021, they reached 271,000 tons.
The average yield is 80-100 tons per hectare. Vegetable cultivation depends on increasing the efficiency of greenhouses, increasing the varieties planted in them, using new varieties and convenient care methods.
In the following years, new varieties of tomatoes for planting in greenhouses were created at the Research Institute of Vegetables, Rice Crops and Potatoes under the Ministry of Agriculture, and the preparation of their seeds was started.
In particular, the newly created varieties of tomatoes such as “Gulkand”, “G’1 Sayhun”, “G’1 Bahar”, “Turon”, “AVE-Maria”, “Subhidam”, “Cherry Marvarid” and “Umid” are widely used in production. Planting and caring for tomatoes in greenhouses in the autumn-winter season. In the autumn-winter season, it is necessary to prepare seedlings for greenhouses in nurseries.
In this season, seeds are sown in late June-early July, and seedlings are planted in a permanent place in early August. First, lime or clay is sprinkled on the greenhouse cover, the pots are filled with a nutrient mixture and watered well, the seeds are 0.5-1 planted to a depth of cm.
Before the grass appears, it is watered twice, in the morning and in the evening. After the seeds germinate, they should be watered once a day, preferably in the evening. When the first true leaf appears, the seedlings in the pots are buried 2-3 cm with rotted manure.
Therefore, after producing 3-4 real leaves, the surface of the greenhouse should be thoroughly washed so that the seedlings are saturated with light. During the growing season, the seedlings are fed through the roots and leaves.
Tomato seedlings are planted in pre-watered fields, after planting the seedlings are watered through ditches, after 4-5 days they are watered again. After 15-20 days the chats are pulled into a thread and the plant area is mulched, mineral fertilizers are applied, and irrigation is carried out.
Later, the tomato plant is shaped, the main stem is left, and the side shoots are removed. Due to the gradual decrease of light in the autumn months, the air temperature in the greenhouses should be kept accordingly.
In November-December, when the weather is clear during the day – 20-23 C, on cloudy days – 18-20 C, and in the evening – 15-17 C, and the soil temperature should be 17-18 C. The air humidity is 60-70%, one month before the end of the harvest, the growth point of the plant is cut off.
Conclusion:
If this is done, the fruits ripen quickly and the productivity increases. In order for the flowers to bear fruit well in unfavorable conditions, the plant inflorescence is treated with special stimulant drugs (TU, Rengulit, Tomaton, Polystimulin-2). When tomato flowers are treated with these drugs, the fruits ripen 7-10 days earlier, the average weight of the fruit increases by 15%, and the output of the product increases by 20%.Â
Muminov Rahmatillo is a student of Fergana State University
